Basic

conjugation_rules.md

Intransitive (eru ->)	transitive (-> asu)
deru (get out)	dasu (take out)
nigeru (run away)	nigasu (take out)
tokeru (dissolve)	tokasu (dissolve)
kareru (wither)	karasu (let wither)

Examples

deru (get out):

Intransitive: Okuni deru. (I will get out of the room.)
Transitive: Kaban o dasu. (Take out the bag.)

nigeru (run away):

Intransitive: Ano hito wa nigeru. (That person is running away.)
Transitive: Kagi o nigasu na. (Don't let the key escape.)

tokeru (dissolve):

Intransitive: Aisu ga tokeru. (The ice melts.)
Transitive: Shōyu o tokasu. (Dissolve the soy sauce.)

kareru (wither):

Intransitive: Hana ga kareta. (The flower withered.)
Transitive: Kusaki o karasu. (Let the plant wither.)

Intransitive (eru ->)	transitive (-> yasu)
hieru (get cold)	hiyasu (make cold)
haeru (grow)	hayasu (grow)

Examples

hieru (get cold):

Intransitive: Kanojo wa samuku hieru. (She gets cold easily.)
Transitive: Koppu o hiyasu. (Make the cup cold.)

haeru (grow):

Intransitive: Hana ga haeta. (The flower grew.)
Transitive: Mori o hayasu. (Grow the forest.)

Intransitive (iru ->)	transitive (-> osu)
okiru (get/ wake up)	okosu (get /wake up)
oriru (get off)	orosu (take/bring down)
!ochiru (drop)	otosu (drop)
sugiru (elapse)	hayasu (spend)

Examples

okiru (get/wake up):

Intransitive: Asa ni okiru. (I wake up in the morning.)
Transitive: Tomodachi o okosu. (Wake up the friend.)

oriru (get off): Intransitive: Basu kara oriru. (Get off the bus.) Transitive: Kutsu o orosu. (Take off the shoes.)

ochiru (drop): Intransitive: Tegami ga ochita. (The letter dropped.) Transitive: Inu o otosu na. (Don't drop the dog.)

sugiru (elapse): Intransitive: Jikan ga sugita. (Time elapsed.) Transitive: Yoru o hayasu. (Spend the night.)

Intransitive (u ->)	transitive (-> eru)
aku (open)	akeru (open)
todoku (reach)	todokeru (deliver)
chijimu (grow)	chijimeru (raise)
tatsu (stand)	tateru (stand)

Examples

aku (open):

Intransitive: Doa ga aku. (The door opens.)
Transitive: Pēji o akeru. (Open the page.)

todoku (reach):

Intransitive: Te ga todoku. (The hand reaches.)
Transitive: Hikidashi o todokeru. (Deliver the drawer.)

chijimu (grow):

Intransitive: Hana ga chijimu. (The flower grows.)
Transitive: No o chijimeru. (Raise the field.)

tatsu (stand):

Intransitive: Anata ga tatsu. (You stand.)
Transitive: Jisho o tateru. (Stand the dictionary.)

Intransitive (ru ->)	transitive (-> seru)
noru (get on)	noseru (put on)
yoru (approach)	yoseru (let come near)

noru (get on):

    Intransitive: Basu ni noru. (Get on the bus.)
    Transitive: Kutsu o noseru. (Put on shoes.)

yoru (approach):

    Intransitive: Ano hito ga yoru. (That person approaches.)
    Transitive: Tēburu o yoseru. (Let the table come near.)

Intransitive (ru ->)	transitive (-> su)
kaeru (return)	kaesu (return)
tooru (pass)	toosu (pass)
mawaru (turn)	mawasu (turn)
naoru (be fixed)	naosu (fix)

Intransitive (reru ->)	transitive (-> su)
hanareru (be detached)	hanasu (detach)
taoreru (fall down)	taosu (push/knock down)
tsubureru (crush)	tsubusu (crush)
yogoreru (get dirty)	yogosu (make dirty)
arawareru (appear)	arawasu (represent)
kowareru (break)	kowasu (break)

Intransitive (aru ->)	transitive (-> eru)
agaru (rise)	ageru (raise)
kimaru (be decided)	kimeru (to decide)
shimaru (close)	shimeru (close)
atsumaru (gather)	atsumeru (gather)
hajimaru (begin)	hajimeru (begin)
takamaru (heighten)	takameru (heighten)
katamaru (harden)	katameru (harden)
mitsukaru (be found)	mitsukeru (find)
kakaru (hang)	kakeru (hang)
tasukaru (be saved)	tasukeru (save)

Intransitive (waru ->)	transitive (-> eru)
kawaru (change)	kaeru (change)
tsutawaru (convey)	tsutaeru (convey)
kuwawaru (join)	kuwaeru (add)

Intransitive (eru ->)	transitive (-> u)
yakeru (burn)	yaku (burn bake?)
ureru (sell)	uru (sell)
toreru (come off)	toru (take)
kireru (cut)	kiru (cut)
yabureru (tear)	yaburu (tear)
oreru (break)	oru (break)
wareru (break)	waru (break)
nukeru (come out)	nuku (pull out)
hodokeru (be untied)	hodoku (untie)
nugeru (come off)	nugu (take off)

Intransitive (others)	transitive (others)
mieru (be visibe)	miru (see)
kikoeru (be audible)	kiku (hear)
kieru (be extinguished)	kesu (extinguished)
hairu (enter)	ireru (put in)
wakareru (get separated)	separate (separate)
owaru (end)	oeru/owaru (end)