nakute vs naide

taberu

Nakute

tabenai -> tabenakute is used as a joining. So for example

hambaga o tabenakute uchi ni kaetta

More useful (or grammatically unique)

tabenakute mo ii - its ok not to eat

Naide

!(okoru - na = okorunaide, taberuna - taberanaide)

tabenaide = dont eat

But here is also interesting grammar

Asagohan o tabenaide gakkō e itta - "I went to school without eating breakfast."

Also another grammer is zu+ni. Zu is used in the same way as nai but

we can use zuni which means without doing . !!! Note that zuni is equal to naide

Kanojo wa nani mo omowazuni iimashita - She said something without thinking

Note

nani mo omowazuni (何も思わずに): This is a relative clause that describes the manner in which she did something, meaning "without thinking anything."

Irarenai (いられない): This is the negative potential form of "iru." The potential form indicates the ability to do something, and the negative form indicates the inability to do something.

Combined with "-zu ni," it means "cannot help but" or "cannot avoid doing" the action.

あのほんをよまずにはいられない。

ano hon o yomazu ni wa irarenai. - I cannot help but read that book.

the grammer is: verb+nai form (remove nai) + zu ni wa irarenai, meaning I could not help but

In general zuni=naide, but not always

CHATGPT

Shitsumon ni kotaezu ni denwa o kitta. ChatGPT

The sentence "Shitsumon ni kotaezu ni denwa o kitta" (質問に答えずに電話を切った) translates to "He/She hung up the phone without answering the question."

Here’s the breakdown of the sentence into its components and relative clauses:

Shitsumon ni (質問に): This phrase indicates the object of the verb "kotaezu."
    Shitsumon (質問): Question
    ni (に): Particle indicating the target or direction of an action, in this case, "to the question."

kotaezu ni (答えずに): This is a relative clause that describes the manner in which the phone was hung up, meaning "without answering."
    kotaezu (答えず): Negative "zu" form of "kotaeru" (答える), which means "to answer."
        kotaeru (答える): To answer
        kotaezu (答えず): Without answering (negative form)
    ni (に): Particle indicating manner or condition, here it connects the clause to the verb "kitta."

denwa o (電話を): This indicates the object of the verb "kitta."
    denwa (電話): Phone
    o (を): Particle indicating the direct object of the verb.

kitta (切った): This is the main verb of the sentence, meaning "hung up" (past tense of "kiru" (切る), which means "to cut" or "to hang up" when referring to a phone call).
    kiru (切る): To cut/hang up
    kitta (切った): Hung up (past tense)

When we put these parts together in a more explanatory way, we get:

Shitsumon ni (質問に): To the question
kotaezu ni (答えずに): Without answering
denwa o (電話を): The phone
kitta (切った): Hung up

So, "Shitsumon ni kotaezu ni denwa o kitta" can be understood as:

"He/She hung up the phone without answering the question."

This decomposition shows the relative clause "kotaezu ni" providing additional context about how the action of "hanging up the phone" was performed.